Ensure safety during PM2.5 dust surges in the city. Learn about healthcare with Chula Pharmacy: Ensure safety during PM2.5 dust surges in the city.

    In recent times, waking up to check the air quality has become a daily ritual, particularly for those residing in Bangkok, its environs, and other parts of Thailand, excluding island areas. The situation across the country is dire, with numerous regions engulfed in PM2.5 toxic dust. Although we've grappled with this issue for several years, PM2.5 remains a significant threat to both human and animal health, particularly impacting vulnerable groups such as the elderly, children, and individuals with underlying health conditions like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

    How can we mitigate the health risks associated with this toxic dust?

    Firstly, endeavor to minimize exposure to open areas, including major roads, congested traffic zones, and construction sites prone to dust accumulation, especially during adverse weather conditions. If venturing outdoors is unavoidable, limit activities and duration outside while wearing a mask capable of filtering N95 dust or its equivalent, as standard masks are ineffective against PM2.5 particles. Exercise enthusiasts may need to transition to indoor workouts for the time being.

    Even indoors, the risk of encountering dust particles is not entirely eliminated. Thus, it's essential to seal doors and windows, particularly those facing prevailing winds, and increase household cleaning frequency through regular vacuuming and mopping. Installing mosquito screens or curtains can help filter incoming dust, while those with the means should consider investing in air purifiers. Additionally, minimize engine usage and refrain from burning garbage. In areas experiencing severe weather conditions, wearing a dust mask indoors is advisable, especially for individuals with respiratory ailments.

    During such conditions, individuals with asthma or COPD are particularly vulnerable to exacerbations. It's crucial to keep bronchodilators on hand, ensuring an adequate supply of medication and consulting a healthcare professional if symptoms worsen or recur frequently. Prioritize health by consuming nutritious foods, maintaining proper rest, avoiding late nights, and engaging in regular exercise in dust-free environments. Activities or environments that trigger respiratory symptoms should be avoided.

    For allergy sufferers, both respiratory and skin-related symptoms may necessitate regular antihistamine use. Opt for non-sedating antihistamines taken once or twice daily to minimize side effects such as drowsiness. However, elderly individuals and young children with allergies should consult a healthcare provider or pharmacist before starting any medication to ensure suitability and minimal adverse effects.

    While we may not be able to entirely eliminate the PM2.5 problem, we can take proactive measures to coexist safely with it. By minimizing exposure and adhering to preventive measures, we can navigate through this challenge until the onset of the rainy season alleviates the issue. Let's prioritize safety and well-being amidst the ongoing PM2.5 concerns.

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nattada Areepiam and Asst. Prof. Dr. Bodin Tiwasuwan

Faculty of Pharmacy Chulalongkorn University