Know About Drugs with Chula Pharmacists: Safe Antihistamine Use for Retirees

    The weather has been unpredictable lately—hot one moment, cold the next, with occasional rain and the ever-present PM2.5 dust. These conditions can trigger

    Managing Allergies: First Things First

    The best way to combat allergies is to avoid the triggers. Identifying what you’re allergic to is crucial. If avoidance isn’t possible, focus on strengthening your body’s defenses:

    - Get adequate rest.

    - Exercise regularly.

    - Manage stress effectively.

    - Eat a balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables to boost immunity.

    While these measures won’t guarantee freedom from allergies, they can reduce the frequency and severity of symptoms, minimizing reliance on medication.

    Antihistamines: Choosing the Right Type

    When medication is necessary, selecting the appropriate antihistamine is key.

    Types of Antihistamines:

    1.Second-Generation Antihistamines (Non-Drowsy):

    These are ideal for symptoms like sneezing, runny nose, and itchy, watery eyes. Examples include:

    - Cetirizine

    - Loratadine

    - Fexofenadine

    - Desloratadine

    - Levocetirizine

    - Bilastine

    2. First-Generation Antihistamines** (Sedating):

     These older medications, such as chlorpheniramine, brompheniramine, and diphenhydramine, can cause drowsiness and need to be taken multiple times a day due to their shorter action.

    Advantages of Second-Generation Antihistamines

    - Non-Drowsy**: They don’t interfere with daily activities like driving or studying.

    - Convenient Dosing**: Typically taken once a day, thanks to their longer duration of action.

    Risks of Improper Use

    While antihistamines are convenient and generally safe, misuse can harm quality of life and pose risks, particularly for older adults:

    - First-Generation Antihistamines:

    - Cause drowsiness, impairing focus and productivity.

     - Dangerous when operating vehicles or machinery.

     - May lead to dry mouth, constipation, urinary problems, or blurred vision.

     - Long-term use has been linked to memory loss.

     - Contraindicated for individuals with glaucoma or enlarged prostate.

    Special Considerations for Retirees

    For older adults, slower liver and kidney function alters how drugs are processed, increasing their effects and side effects. Using sedating antihistamines can cause

    prolonged drowsiness, dizziness, or disorientation, raising the risk of falls and fractures.

    Recommendation:

    - Avoid first-generation antihistamines unless absolutely necessary.

    - Opt for second-generation options, which are safer and more suitable for older adults.

    Need Help?

    For personalized advice on medications and health products, contact the Drug Information Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chulalongkorn University, via the Line@guruya channel.

    Taking the right steps in managing allergies can improve well-being and ensure safe medication use, especially for retirees. Stay informed and proactive about your health!

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nattada Areepiam and Assoc. Prof. Dr. Bodin Tiwasuwan

Faculty of Pharmacy Chulalongkorn University